Conventional UVC LEDs (265–280 nm) produce almost no ozone. Only deep ultraviolet light with wavelengths <240 nm (e.g., 185 nm) excites oxygen to generate ozone. Most UVC LED products are ozone-free and safer.

Traditional mercury lamps offer high power and low cost but contain mercury, require warm-up time, have short lifespans, and are fragile. UV LEDs are mercury-free, start instantly, have long lifespans (10,000–50,000 hours), small size, shock resistance, and are more environmentally friendly and safe. LEDs are expected to replace mercury lamps in the future.

UV sterilizers are used to inactivate microorganisms in water, air, and on surfaces without chemical residues. They are suitable for drinking water, air purification, medical devices, food processing, and other scenarios, providing physical and eco-friendly disinfection.